Use one – and only one – full stop or question mark at the end of a sentence.
<aside> ✅ When does the bus arrive?
</aside>
<aside> ✅ We went home at 5pm.
</aside>
Use a full stop, not a question mark, at the end of a reported question:
<aside> ✅ They asked him if the budget would increase.
</aside>
Use a full stop, not an exclamation mark, at the end of a reported command:
<aside> ✅ She shouted at me to wait for her.
</aside>
If a URL or email address is at the end of a sentence you can use a full stop – but never put it in bold unless the whole sentence is:
<aside> ✅ Please see more information at nottingham.ac.uk.
</aside>
Never use a full stop if it will be followed or preceded by an ellipsis:
<aside> ✅ Behind him stood a gure... It was ghostly grey.
</aside>
<aside> ✅ She wasn't quite sure what would happen next...
</aside>
When it comes to exclamation marks, avoid them altogether. They look like you're shouting! Or angry! Or, as F Scott Fitzgerald said, like you're laughing at your own jokes. And they can trivialise your message.
Only use them if they're part of a book or film title:
<aside> ✅ Help! is a great album.
</aside>